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Rick, you're leading us into deep philosophical territority here, and in discussing it is hard to know where to start (and where to stop). There are lots of thoughts in your message, like the use of statistical effects on music (or audio signals, to keep it more general, or signals to stay even more general), the work with serial structures (as exemplified by many a looper (e.g. J.S. Bach) or electronica artist (e.g. Karlheinz Stockhausen), and of course the influence of a human on a performance (making it musical or flawed or musically flawed). Music basically is about repetition and about static elements. This becomes clear from listening to almost any music (and to abouth everything I've heard from you loopers here). And this is only natural, even if analyzed from a theoretical signal theory/entropy approach: I remember Murray Gell-Mann talkin about the content of information in a signal (using the example of a text if I remember correctly). You could either use a very simple generating function like "take the letter a and repeat it times, obtaining a clearly structured result which does not contain very much information or in other words is boring. Or you could take the generating function of "choose 100000 letters arbitrarily", obtaining a completely unstructured result which again does not contain very much information (which can be seen by the fact that the generating function in both cases is very simple". Interesting stuff lies somewhere in between, something like a Bach fugue or a piece by (say) Karlheinz Stockhausen or Rick Walker. This experience and the consequences we pull from it will not be new to anyone here. And to come back to your example, taking "play Loop A (length 4 bars) for 20 bars" might sound boring, while "play Loop A (length 4 bars) through time-modulated effect A' (period 5 bars) for 20 bars" gives you both the repetitive elements about any music-listener likes, together with 20 totally unique bars (an approach also used by the minimal music movement). Add to that the human performer element. As lots of us work in a quasi-live setting for generating their performances, the looper gives us the possibility to work with the contrast of the perfect repetition vs. the flawed one. I recently worked with that effect consciusly by recording a simple 4 bar bass/guitar loop and then alternating between playing the recorded bass and guitar part, at the same time adding the missing part "live". And then add to that the real statistical element (although if we put our filter or other effect devices into "random", hardly a mathematician would agree that this is really random). Also this sounds interesting to most ears if used properly (as you mentioned "tiny but constrained"). So what do we learn from that. For me, basically only what I already knew: that it is necessary to use your brain to be able to make interesting music :-) (sorry, this message doesn't have a proper message. Count it as some pseudophilosophical babbling or simply ignore it). Rainer ps: regarding really artifical sound. I remember this recording by Jack DeJohnette (can't remember the name of the album or piece) with this p/b/dr trio plus big horn section (taken mostly from Carla Bley, trumpets, french horns, trombone, tuba, flutes, bass clarinet...you name it), all recorded in the typical ECM fashion - and on top of that a 70ies drum machine's hand clap sound! Yes, sometimes it is cool to sound really artifical! -----Ursprüngliche Nachricht----- Von: loop.pool [mailto:looppool@cruzio.com] Gesendet: Dienstag, 30. November 2004 00:05 An: LOOPERS DELIGHT (posting) Betreff: ORGANIC programming and looping I've really been thinking a lot in my own compositions about what makes something feel 'organic'. Using the potentially overstatic techniques of live looping, sequencing and arpeggiating (all those repetitive things that we both love and that can certainly limit us, aesthetically) I think any sophisticated electronica composer trys to figure out how to simulate the live performance of multiple real time musicians. In drum computer programming, putting in lots of little tiny but constrained random variations in resonance, cutoff, panning, volume, timing can really fool people into thinking that they are listening to a live drumming track. The same is true of synth bubbles or arpeggios. I'm still waiting for someone to incorporate some generated Boid algorhythms into some of the more popular sequencing programs (including drum computer programs like Battery and Fruity Loops). Those are the algorhythms created to simulate the variation in formations of birds as they flock and turn in the air. In looping, obvious techniques like replacing, overdubbing, changing loop lengths, etc. can help a piece from being terminally static. I also love the addition of random or non-random addition of effects and/or filtering to preexisting loops when I play or when I listen to others playing. Boy, my kindgom for the random filtering algorhythm that is in that pricey Lexicon unit that Steve Lawson uses live.........it's so cool because the rhythms constantly morph in a seemingly 'organic' way. I've also noticed that sometime the addition of merely one element that is changing can give an entire static set of loops or sequences an 'organic' feel. Then, of course, there is the addition of actuall real time (non looped) playing over the top of of static elements. Curious, though, if we use that approach alone it seems, after awhile to call more attention to the stasis of the loop. And finally, sometimes it's cool to be REALLY ARTIFICIAL and static about our playing. Lately, along those lines, I've been experimenting with and acoustic drumset that sounds like cheap analogue drum machines from the 70's. I figured everyone is trying to sound organic with their drum programming, maybe I should take the opposite tack and see where it leads me. I've blown enough wind.............your thoughts?