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im not arguing with u. and im not going to try to prove anything to u based on my background knowledge, which u know nothing of. but let me say this, u r also a victim of ur arrogance. just suppose, just suppose that the high freq ur trying to reproduce is NOT a sine wave but u still only have 2 points (a sawtooth wave), what then?? a sine wave?? what was the argument about? to prove ME wrong or to discuss the limits of 44.1kHz u sound to me like the guy that would bring up last months argument when u find urself at the losing end of todays with ur wife. cheers ----- Original Message ----- From: "Bill Fox" <billyfox@soundscapes.us> To: <Loopers-Delight@loopers-delight.com> Sent: Sunday, December 25, 2005 12:29 PM Subject: Re: sample rate > Adrian Bartholomew wrote: > > > this is where SOME info is worse than NO info. > > dude think about it. > > u have a wave at 1/2 the sample frequency. think about it like > > connect-the-dots. > > the only ones u can plot are the max(positive) and min(negative) > > points of the wave. NOW connect the dots and what do u have. thats > > right a sawtooth wave. even if the original was a sine. > > but at least u have the frequency. forget about phase what about shape > > or tone? > > even if u sampled at a frequency high enough to give u three or even 4 > > points to connect, its STILL approximate, very far from the shape of > > the original and certainly not "all the information of the original > > signal". > > Dude, there is no connect the dots in a sampled system. Electronically, > the dots AREN'T connected. The DAC outputs a stepped series of voltages > that feed a reconstruction filter, i.e. an LPF. This filter takes your > so-called sawtooth, filters out everything above the LPF's pernamently > set cutoff frequency and voila, you get a sine wave! Think about it a > minute. The LPF is set to filter out everything above (0.5)fs, where fs > is the sampling frequency. fs is the first possible overtone of ANY > waveform that isn't a sine. What you think is a sawtooth is actually a > square wave. But you won't hear anything except the original sine wave > being reconstructed. > > The lack of information or understanding is yours. I can't give you the > engineering background required to prove that I'm right. You'll have to > spend a few years first, learning higher mathematics andinformation > theory. But every CD player, every DVD player, every minidisc, DAT, and > iPod prove me right. > > Cheers, > > Bill > >