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On 31 aug 2007, at 19.14, todd reynolds wrote: > can you describe this first stage a little more? why do you do all > of this? I thought of just doing a google search on phase invertion, Loud speakers is a good metaphor. When the membrane goes forwards it pushes air and when it goes backwards it sucks air. If you switch the plus and minus cable for the speaker of work in the opposite phase, as phases inverted! If you send a signal to two speakers and invert the phase for one of them the sound be cancelled out. But in the mastering example this doesn't happen because the "second speaker" (or channel here) is stereo swapped. So the phase cancel effect is only happening in the middle of the stereo filed, where both stereo signals do carry the same content. We get a "hole in the middle" stereo sound. To fill up that hole in the middle, ad the mono signal. Talking about this technique is not the best way to learn it, you should patch up a stere mix that way and fiddle round with it to see what happens. If adjusted carefully you can achieve a very good mono compatibility compared with a wide stereo image and better definition of details in the music. You can also ruin a mix if you overdo it. Greetings from Sweden Per Boysen www.boysen.se (Swedish) www.looproom.com (international)